Posts Tagged ‘Imam Hussain’
A glimpse Of Shaheed Kerbala
February 1st, 2013, posted in MuharramA wonderful blog where you would get a glimpse of Imam Aalee Muqaam… Imam Hussain (A.S)…Shaheed Kerbala​ :
Hazrat Allama Iqbal (r) on Hazrat Imam Hussain (as)
November 26th, 2012, posted in Allama Iqbal, Ink On PAPER, Muharram
Allama Iqbal on Imam Hussain
Dr Muhammad Iqbal (1877- 1938) known to the world as the Poet-Philosopher of the East, devoted his life to awaken the Muslim Ummah and to make it pursue the path of spirituality, knowledge, jihad, sacrifice and martyrdom.
Dr Iqbal had an abiding faith in Ahlul Bayt (the Chosen Descendants of the Holy Prophet PBUH). He was intensely moved by the tragic events of Karbala so much so that in many of his couplets he carried a universal message to the mankind for emulating Imam Husayn who sacrificed his life at the altar of Truth. His elegies on the martyrdom of Imam Husayn stand unmatched and are an eye-opener to all those who are giving a mere lip-service to Islam.
In the following couplets Dr Iqbal gives vent to his sentiments and feelings on Imam Husayn (AS):
جس طرح مجھ کو شہید ِ کربلا سے پیار ہے
حق تعالیٰ کو یتیموں کی دعا ہے پیار ہے
Dr Iqbal expresses his extreme love for Imam Husayn. Just as Almighty Allah loves to listen to the invocation of the orphans, he also has the same kind of love for the martyr of Karbala.
رونے والا ہوں شہید ِ کربلا کے غم میں میں
کیا درِ مقصود نہ دیں گے ساقیِ کوثر مجھے
Dr Iqbal has a sincere and genuine faith in Imam Husayn. The hero of this episode Imam Husayn, the brave son of the bravest of the brave Ali and grandson of the Holy Prophet, took up a firm stand not to acknowledge Yazid as the Caliph of Islam. It is a fight for the preservation of the principles and tenets of Islam. Imam Husayn arrived in Karbala on the 2nd of Muharram 61 A.H. along with his small children, women, and some comrades numbering 72 only. On the l0th of Muharram he was brutally killed. This was the tragedy over which Iqbal sheds tears. He believes that mourning and wailing over him would lead to his (Iqbal’s) salvation. He also believes that Saqi-e-Kauthar Lord of Kauthar (Cistern in Paradise) Imam Ali loves those, who weep for Imam Husayn. He hopes and prays that since he sheds tears out of grief for Husyan, Imam Ali would give him all the help he needs.
غریب و سادہ و رنگیں ہے داستانِ حرم
نہایت اس کی حسین ابتدا ہے اسماعیل
Dr Iqbal says that the event of the construction of Kaba is very simple and interesting. Prophet Ismail suffered great pains in its construction. The Holy Prophet purged it from the idols that were in it, and so raised its glory. The first stone was laid by Ismail indeed. He offered for sacrifice his own life but the sacrifice was not completed as he was replaced by a ram and according to the Holy Qur’an the great sacrifice or Zibh-e ‘Azim was to come later and completed by one of his descendants, Husayn. So in fact culmination of the spirit of love for Allah was manifest when Imam Husayn sacrificed his life and preserved the dignity of the Holy Kaba.
حقیقتِ ابدی ہے مقامِ شبیری
بدلتے رہتے ہیں انداذِ کوفی و شامی
Dr Iqbal here compares two things Shabbiri or Husayniyat, i-e. principles enunciated and adhered to by Imam Husayn, and Yazidiyat, i.e. worldly power and authority. Husayn was the symbol of devotion to and love for Allah, i.e. submission to none except Allah.
The spirit as shown by the rulers of Kufa and Syria, is always changing since it tries to gain strength through fraud, dishonesty, and political expediency and manoeuvring as against this truth never changes. So the place Imam Husayn has achieved, is a reality which shall be hailed and acknowledged for all times to come.
قافلہِ حجاز میں ایک حسین بھی نہیں
گرچہ ہے تابدار ابھی وادیِ داجلہ و فرات
Dr Iqbal was distressed to note that Iraq was under the yoke of the British. He was disappointed that the Muslims had lost courage and were suffering humiliation. The land of Tigres and Eupharates called some staunch devotee of Islam who could relieve them of their serfdom. Iqbal only wished a man, a follower of Imam Husayn might come up to help the Muslims of Iraq!
صدقِ خلیل بھی ہے عشق صبرِ حسین بھی ہے عشق
معرکہ وجود میں بدر و حنین بھی ہے عشق
Dr Iqbal says that love of Allah manifests itself in many ways. Prophet Ibrahim had to suffer many difficulties in the cause of Allah. He accepted being thrown into the fire, and the fire was turned into a blooming garden.
It showed his intense love for Allah. Our Holy Prophet conquered the Battles of Badr and Hunayn through his ardent love for Allah. Similarly Imam Husayn showed his patience in the battlefield of Karbala where he, with his family and comrades, not only suffered the pangs of three days’ thirst, but willingly sacrificed his life for the cause of Truth and love for Allah. Love for Allah is a quality, a force, an impetus, which creates in us extraordinary patience and forbearance.
اک فقر ہے شبیری اس فقر میں ہے میری
میراث ِ مسلمانی،سرمایہِ شبیری
Dr Iqbal says that the life of a dervish is a very noble way of living but it is different from the life of a mendicant or friar who lives on begging or in seclusion. We should learn from Imam Husayn who while passing the life of a dervish had no other consideration except love of Allah and submission to His will. Our treading the path practised by Imam Husayn will bestow on us the title of Chief among the people. A Muslim has inherited this wealth from Imam Husayn, and we should make the best use of it. Imam Husayn has given us the lesson of self-sacrifice, patience, and forbearance and submission to none except Allah.
آن امام عاشقان پور بتول
سرو آزادی ز بستان رسول
Ān Imam-e-āshiqān pooray Batool
Sarvay āzādi ze bustān-e-Rasul
Now Dr Iqbal opens his praises for the son of Lady Fatima. He was the chief of the lovers of Allah, and an evergreen tree from the garden of the Prophet. Imam Husayn who stood against the forces of evil, refused to acknowledge Yazid as the Caliph of Islam, and upholding the dignity of Islamic principles sacrificed his life along with a small band of 72 of his followers, at the battlefield of Karbala.
اللہ اللہ بای بسم اللہ پدر
معنی ذبح عظیم آمد پسر
Allah Allah Bāey Bismillah pidar
Ma’niye zibh-e-azim āmad pisar
In a state of supreme bliss Dr Iqbal says, “O’ Allah, what an exalted position Imam Husayn possessed, as his illustrious father (Imam Ali) was the first letter of the Qur’an! A tradition says that Imam Ali said, “What is in the Holy Qur’an is in the first chapter (Surah Fatiha); what is in this surah (chapter) is in the first verse (Bismillah); what is in Bismillah is in its first letter (Ba) and I am the dot below ba. Doubtless Imam Ali was acknowledged to be the best expounder of the Holy Qur’an. The Holy Prophet had himself declared: “Ali is with Qur’an, and Qur’an is with Ali”. Imam Husayn was the son of such an eminent personality. It is Imam Husayn’s Martyrdom which is referred to as Zibhe Azim the greatest sacrifice in the Holy Qur’an. Imam Husayn was the direct descendant of Prophet Ismail and had offered himself for sacrifice at Karbala to save Islamic principles from annihilation. The Holy Qur’an says that Zibhe Azim, the great sacrifice of Prophet Ismail was left over for the coming generation. Dr Iqbal alludes to this and says that Zibhe Azim in the Holy Qur’an means the sacrifice of Imam Husayn.
بہر آن شہزادہ ی خیر الملل
دوش ختم المرسلین نعم الجمل
Bahray ān shahzādaey Khayrul milal
Dosh-e-Khatmul mursalin ne’mul Jamal
Dr Iqbal here alludes to an event stated by Tirmizi and others. Once Imam Husayn mounted the shoulders of his grandfather, the Holy Prophet. Somebody said, “What a good carriage it is!” The Prophet said, “And what a good rider it is!” Dr Iqbal mentions this event to show what affectionate feelings the Holy Prophet had towards his grandson.
سرخ رو عشق غیور از خون او
شوخی این مصرع از مضمون او
Surkh roo ishq-e-ghayoor az Khoon-e-oo
Surkhiye in misra az mazmoon-e-oo
Dr Iqbal says that it is because of Imam Husayn’s blood that the modest love has gained honour and dignity. This couplet can well serve a title for the episode of the Tragedy of Karbala which shows how piously and valiantly Imam Husayn defended the tenets of Islam, sacrificed his own life along with his kith and kin, sincere followers, and comrades, and raised the honour of love to its acme.
در میان امت ان کیوان جناب
ہمچو حرف قل ہو اللہ در کتاب
Darmiyān-e-Ummat ān Keywān janāb,
Hamchu harf-e-Qul Huwallah dar Kitāb
Dr Iqbal shows here the position of Imam Husayn. He says that among the followers of the Holy Prophet Imam Husayn is like the Divine phrase QuI huwallah (Say He is Allah) meaning that Allah is One, in the Holy Qur’an. Since the entire Holy Qur’an turns to this verse -QuI Huwallaho Ahad (Say that He is One) similarly the whole Islamic world turns towards Imam Husayn who is the source of our guidance. Dr Iqbal knows the tradition of our Prophet: “Husayn is from me and I am from Husayn” i.e. Husayn is his grandson and that he (the Prophet) would be made known by him, and his mission would be fulfilled by Imam Husayn who sacrificed his life to immortalize Islam and its tenets.
موسیٰ و فرعون و شبیر و یزید
این دو قوت از حیات آید پدید
Musa o Firaun-o-Shabbir or Yazid
In do quwwāt az Hayāt āmad padid.
Ever since the creation of life two opposing forces have been at war with each other- virtue and vice, Right and wrong. Musa (Moses) rose against Firaun (Pharoah) and Shabbir (Imam Husayn) rose against Yazid. These struggles were between the Right and the wrong. Consequently the Right prevailed upon the wrong and it was proved that Right is might.
زندہ حق از قوت شبیری است
باطل آخر داغ حسرت میری است
Zindah haq az quwwat-e-Shabbiri ast
Bātil ākhir dāgh-e-hasrat miri ast
Dr Iqbal says that Truth or Islam exists today because of the strength shown and the spiritual power exercised by Imam Husayn. In other words Imam Husayn made Islam immortal. The wrong was crushed to annihilation in spite of its apparent success. Yazidism or the principle enunciated by Yazid is looked down upon by all, but Husayn’s blood spilled at Karbala still enlivens our hearts and makes us feel that his sacrifice to support the Right against the wrong was unparalleled in the history of mankind.
چون خلافت رشتہ از قرآن گسیخت
حریت را زہر اندر کام ریخت
خاست آن سر جلوہ ی خیرالامم
چون سحاب قبلہ باران در قدم
بر زمین کربلا بارید و رفت
لالہ در ویرانہ ہا کارید و رفت
تا قیامت قطع استبداد کرد
موج خون او چمن ایجاد کرد
Choon Khitlāfat rishtah az Qur’an gusikht
Hurriyat ra Zahr under Kām rikht
Khāst ān sar Jatwaey Khairut Umam
Choon Sahabe Qibtah Bārān dar qadam
Bar zamin-e-Karbala Bārid o raft
Lalah dar wirānaha Kārid o raft
Tā qayāmat qat’ay istibdād kard
Mauje Khoone oo chaman ijād kard
Dr Iqbal says that when the Islamic Government severed its relation with the injunctions of the Holy Qur’an the Muslims suffered moral degradation. It marred their freedom. When the rulers indulged in all sorts of vicious habits and satisfied their carnal desires against the clear-cut injunctions of the Holy Qur’an the whole social structure was impaired. Nobody could utter a word against the tyrant ruler and his associates. Then arose that chief of the Muslims (Husayn), like blessed cloud with rain of mercy under his foot. It rained blessings on the sands of Karbala and turned that desert into a garden. It is the place where Imam Husayn with his kith and kin, children and comrades, numbering 72 only, faced a huge army and courted martyrdom after three days starvation and thirst on the l0th of Muharram 61 A.H. Husayn was undoubtedly the saviour of freedom and Karbala has become the symbol of struggle against tyranny. Husayn’s role at Karbala was so magnificent that it eradicated for ever the savage idea of cruelty and cold-bloodedness. The wave of his blood has created a garden which is symbolic of his sacrifice for the preservation of freedom and Truth.
بہر حق در خاک و خون غلتیدہ است
پس بنای لاالہ گردیدہ است
Bahre haq dar Khāk-o-khoon ghaltida ast
Pas binā ey lā illah gardida ast
Dr Iqbal says that Imam Husayn voluntarily gave his life at Karbala for the sake of Allah or Truth. So it goes without saying that Husayn laid the foundation of the cardinal Principle of Islam -the belief that there is no god except Allah. Since Islamic principles were being twisted, distorted and exterminated it was Husayn’s blood which gave it a new life.
مدعایش سلطنت بودی اگر
خود نکردی با چنین سامان سفر
Mudda ā yash saltanat boody agar
Khud na hardy bā chunin sāmmāne safar
That Imam Husayn’s only aim in refusing to accept Yazid as Caliph of Islam was to preserve Islam, can be borne out from the fact that while he left Madina for his journey towards Kufa he had a small band of his relations and followers, including women, and children. Had he the intention of fighting a political battle he would not have gone there with such people as he took with him. Those who accompanied Imam Husayn included his sisters, wives, children (even a six month old child was with him) and some followers, some of whom were more than eighty years of age.
دشمنان چون ریگ صحرا لاتعد
دوستان او بہ یزدان ہم عدد
Dushmanān chun rig-e-sahra la tu’ad
Dostān-e-oo bā yazdān ham ‘adad
In the Battle of Karbala the number of the enemy was as countless as the particles of sand, but the number of Imam Husayn’s friends was only 72.
تیغ لا چون از میان بیرون کشید
از رگ ارباب باطل خون کشید
نقش الا اللہ بر صحرا نوشت
سطر عنوان نجات ما نوشت
رمز قرآن از حسین آموختیم
ز آتش او شعلہ ہا اندوختیم
Tigh-e-lā choon az miyan buroon kashid
Az rag-e-arbābe bātil khoon kashid
Naqsh-e-Illallāh bar Sahra nawisht
Satre-unwān-e-najat-e mā nawisht
Ramz-e-Qur’an az Husayn āmokhteem
Za Ātishe-oo Shoalahā andokhteem
Imam Husayn took up his sword of ‘La’ or ‘No’ that is, there is no deity (except Allah) and crushed infidelity. He imprinted the mark of Illallah (Tawhid), or monotheism in the wilderness of Karbala. It was a title for our salvation. In fact we have learnt the lesson of Tawhid or monotheism from Imam Husayn, who taught us in a practical way the secret of Qur’an by sacrificing his life for the sake of Allah and for completing the mission of his grandfather, the Prophet. We have gathered warmth from the fire of love for Allah that Imam Husayn possessed. Dr Iqbal means that the love for Allah shown and the sacrifice made by Imam Husayn at Karbala should serve as the best lesson for all the people of the world.
شوکت شام و فر بغداد رفت
سطوت غرناطہ ہم از یاد رفت
تار ما از زخمہ اش لرزان ہنوز
تازہ از تکبیر او ایمان ہنوز
Shawkat-e-Shām-o farray Baghdad raft,
Satwat-e-Ghamata ham az yād raft
Tār-e-mā az zakhma ash larzān hanooz,
Tazāh az takbir-e-oo Imān hanooz
Dr Iqbal says that kingly grandeur gained through political battles never survives. The pomp and vanity of the thrones of Syria and Baghdad which were once seats of great kings is no more present. Nobody remembers the splendour of Gharnata in which was the seat of Spanish Kings. But the reverential call of Husayn at Karbala – his call of La Illāhā Illāllāh is still echoing in our ears and thrilling our hearts.
ای صبا ای پیک دور افتادگان
اشک ما بر خاک پاک او رسان
Ay sabā ay payk-e-dūr uftādagān,
Ashk-e-mā bar khāk-e-pāk-e-oo rasān
Iqbal’s intense love for and faith in Imam Husayn is apparent from this couplet. Fondly addressing the breeze that proverbially carries the message of the lover to the beloved who is at a remote place. Iqbal asks her to carry his tears to the sacred tomb of Imam Husayn. Dr Iqbal weeps in sad and blessed memory of Imam Husayn and wishes to place his tears over his Imam’s grave.
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The Blessed Head Reads Quran Atop the Spear
November 23rd, 2012, posted in Muharram* The Blessed Head Reads Quran Atop the Spear *
Sayyiduna Zaid bin Arqam states, “When the Yazidi comrades raised the luminous head of Imam Hussain on top of a spear and paraded through the streets of Kufah, at that time I was in the upper room of my house; when the luminous head passed by me I heard the blessed head reciting the 9th Ayah of Surah Kahaf:
Translation from Kanz-ul-Iman: “Did you know that the men of the cave and of the forest’s side were of our wonderful signs?†(Shawahid-un-Nubuvah, P231)
Yazid (May Allah give him what he deserves )
November 22nd, 2012, posted in MuharramYazid ( May Allah give him what he deserves, and May Allah also give his Father Ameer Mua’wiya what he deserves )
It has been noticed that some people in their indirect or even direct hatred for Ahlul Bayt (Family of Prophet – Peace be upon him) try to cover the acts of Yazid and in this process they try to paint him into a great personality. With the Grace of Allah we shall see how this traitor to Islam (i.e. Yazid) got Imam Hussain (Radhi Allahu Anhu) martyred and how he ransacked Madina al-Munawwara and committed heinous crimes therein
Firstly we would like to present this beautiful sahih hadith of Prophet (Salallaho alaihi wasalam) regarding people who “Ransack” our beloved sanctuary called Madina al Munawara.
Imam Ahmed narrates this report from Sa’ib bin Khalad (RA) that the Prophet of Allah (Peace be upon him) said: Whosoever spreads injustice and frightened the people of Madina, then Curse (Lanah) of Allah, his Angels and all the people is upon such a person. [Musnad Ahmed bin Hanbal as narrated by Imam Ibn Kathir in Al Bidayah Wal Nihayah Vol 8 Page No. 274]
Quran states: Those who annoy Allah and His Messenger, Allah has cursed them in this World and in the Hereafter and has prepared for them a humiliating Punishment (33:57)
What could be a bigger annoyance to the Prophet than getting his grandson brutally martyred and ransacking the place which he had declared as Harram (i.e. Sacred)
1. The heinous crimes of Yazid
Imam Ibn Kathir (rah) says in his magnificent work of Tarikh under events of 63 AH
فقال ابن الزبير يا هؤلاء قتل أصحابكم فانا لله وإنا إليه راجعون
وقد أخطأ يزيد خطأ فاحشا فى قوله لمسلم بن عقبة أن يبيح المدينة ثلاثة أيام وهذا خطأ كبير فاحش مع ما انضم إلى ذلك من قتل خلق من الصحابة وأبنائهم وقد تقدم أنه قتل الحسين وأصحابه على يدى عبيد الله بن زياد وقد وقع فى هذه الثلاثة أيام من المفاسد العظيمة فى المدينة النبوية مالا يحد ولا يوصف مما لا يعلمه إلا الله عز وجل وقد أراد بارسال مسلم بن عقبة توطيد سلطانه وملكه ودوام أيامه من غير منازع فعاقبه الله بنقيض قصده وحال بينه وبين ما يشتهيه فقصمه الله قاصم الجبابرة وأخذه أخذ عزيز مقتدر وكذلك أخذ ربك إذا أخذ القرى وهى ظالمة إن أخذه أليم شديد
Translation: Ibn Zubayr (Radhi Allaho Anho) said: O PEOPLE YOUR COMPANIONS HAVE BEEN KILLED – Inna Lillahi Wa Inna Ilaihi Rajiun
“Yazeed committed a mistake and that too a disgusting one by ordering Muslim bin Uqba to make Madina “mubah” for three days. This was his biggest and ugliest blunder. Many Sahaba and their children were slaughtered. As it has been mentioned before that Yazid made UbaydUllah Ibn Ziyad kill the grandson of Rasulullah (saw) Husayn and his companions, and in those three days huge heinous crimes happened in Madina about which nobody knows except Allah. Yazeed wanted to secure his governance by sending Muslim bin Uqbah but Allah did against his wishes and punished him. Verily Allah killed him likewise Allah made grip over the oppressing towns, no doubt His grip is painful and strict”.[Al Bidayah Wal Nihayah, Vol 8 Page 283]
2. Even Ibn Ziyad got outraged by Yazid
Yazid’s crimes were so heinous that even his loyal UbaidUllah Ibn Ziyad (whom he had sent to murder Muslim bin Aqeel and later Imam Hussain ra too) said:
كان يزيد كتب إلى عبد الله بن زياد أن يسير إلى الزبير فيحاصره بمكة فأبى عليه وقال والله لا أجمعهما للفاسق أبدا أقتل ابن بنت رسول الله ص وأغزو البيت الحرام وقد كانت أمه مرجانة قالت له حين قتل الحسين ويحك ماذا صنعت وماذا ركبت وعنفته تعنيفا شديدا قالوا وقد بلغ يزيد أن ابن الزبير يقول فى خطبته يزيد القرود شارب الخمور تارك الصلوات منعكف على القينات
Translation: When Yazid wrote to Ibn Ziyad that he should go to Makkah and besiege Abdullah Ibn Zubayr (RA) he refused to do so and said: By Allah I will not combine two things for a Fasiq (i.e. Yazid). I have already killed the son of Prophet (salallaho alaihi wasalam)’s daughter (on his order) and now (he asks me to) wage war on Bayt ul Harram? However when he martyred Imam Hussain (RA) his mother Marjana said to him: May you die! what have you done and what crime have you committed, she also scolded him severely. Yazid was informed that Abdullah Ibn Zubayr (RA) used to say in his speeches that Yazid was a fraud, drunkard, one who abandons Salaat and one who stays with singing women. [Al-Bidayah Wal Nihayah, Volume 8, Page No 279]
Imam Ibn Kathir (rah) further narrates:
ثم أباح مسلم بن عقبة الذى يقول فيه السلف مسرف بن عقبة قبحه الله من شيخ سوء ما أجهله المدينة ثلاثة أيام كما أمره يزيد لا جزاه الله خيرا وقتل خيرا خلقا من أشرافها وقرائها وانتهب أموالا كثيرة منها ووقع شر وفساد عريض على ما ذكره غير واحد فكان ممن قتل بين يديه صبرا معقل بن سنان وقد كان صديقه قبل ذلك ولكن أسمعه فى يزيد كلاما غليظا فنقم عليه بسببه
Translation: And he Muslim bin Uqba who is known as As-Salf Musraf bin Uqba, May Allah not do well to this leader of evil and ignorance, he made Madina legal for 3 days on the order of Yazid. May Allah also not grant Jaza and khayr to him(i.e. Yazid), he got many righteous killed and also looted the amwaal in Madina in great numbers, this has been multiply narrated that he created a lot of Shar and Fasad. It is mentioned that Hadrat Muafl bin Sanan (RA) was tied infront (of Ibn Uqba) and then martyred, you were his friend before but later you used strong words against Yazid due to which he became angry at you. [Al-Bidayah Wal Nihayah, Volume 8, Page No 280]
3. Yazeed’s aggression against the leading Tabi’i called Sa’eed Ibn Musaib (rah)
قال المدائنى وجىء إلى مسلم بسعيد بن المسيب فقال له بايع فقال أبايع على سيرة أبى بكر وعمر فأمر بضرب عنقه فشهد رجل إنه مجنون فخلى سبيله
Translation: Al Mudaini (rah) said: Sa’eed Ibn Musaib (rah) was brought to Muslim (bin uqba), He asked him to give bayah. (Sa’eed ibn Musab) said: I will give bayah on seerah of Sayyidna Abu Bakr and Sayyidna Umar (RA). (Muslim) ordered to get him killed but a man said This person (i.e. Sa’eed ibn Musaib) is a mad man (in order to save him), at this he was left alone. [Al Bidayah Wal Nihayah, Volume 8, Page No 281]
4. Shaykh ul Islam Ibn Hajr al-Asqalani (rah)
Imam Ibn Hajr (rah) made the whole title in his book al-Imta bil al-Arb’ain as “SENDING LANAH ON YAZID (لعن يزيد)”
وأما المحبة فيه والرفع من شأنه فلا تقع إلا من مبتدع فاسد الاعتقاد فإنه كان فيه من الصفات ما يقتضي سلب الإيمان عمن يحبه لأن الحب في الله والبغض في الله من الإيمان والله المستعان
Translation: Loving and glorifying him (Yazid) is not done “EXCEPT BY A HERETIC” who has void belief because he (Yazid) had such characteristics that his lover deserves to be faithless, because to love and hate just for the sake of God is a sign of faith. [Publisher’s name: Dar ul Kutb al iLmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon, Book name: al-Imta bil al-Arba’in al-Matbainatus Samah (الإمتاع بالأربعين المتباينة السماع), Author: Imam Ibn Hajr al Asqalani (rah), Publication date: 1997, Page No. 96]
قال يحيـى بن عبد الملك بن أبـي غنية أحد الثقات، ثنا نوفل بن أبـي عقرب ثقة قال: كنت عند عمر بن عبد العزيز فذكر رجل يزيد بن معاوية، فقال: قال أمير المؤمنين يزيد، فقال عمر: تقول أمير المؤمنين يزيد، وأمر به فضرب عشرين سوطاً
Yahya bin Abdul Mulk bin Abi Ghania “WHO WAS AMONGST THIQA NARRATORS” he heard from Nawfl bin Abi Aqrab “WHO IS THIQA” he narrates: Once in the gathering of Umar Bin Abdul Aziz [R.A] people talked about Yazid bin Muawiya, someone among the people mentioned Yazid with the title of Ameer ul Momineen, hearing this Hadrat Umar bin Abdul Aziz [ra] replied (in anger): You have called Yazeed Amir Ul Mominein? Then he gave order of 20 lashes to be given to the person[Imam Ibn Hajr al Asqalani in Tahdhib ut Tahdhib, Volume No. 6, Page No. 313].
5. Imam Jalal ud din Suyuti (rah) in Tarikh ul Khulafa
He states: You (Imam Hussain – Radhi Allaho Anho) were martyred and your head was brought to Ibn Ziyad on a plate. “May Allah’s Lanah (Curse) be upon the person who killed you, also Ibn Ziyad “AND UPON YAZID“ [As-Suyuti in Tarikh ul Khulafa, Page No. 165]
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Imam Jalal ud-din Suyuti (rah) writes: Nawfl bin Abi Firaat (rah) said that once he was sitting with Caliph Umar bin Abdul Aziz (rah) when a man called Yazid as “Ameer ul Momineen Yazid bin Muawiya” at this (Umar bin Abdul Aziz said in anger): you call this person as Ameer ul Momineen?! and then he ordered that person to be “lashed 20 times” in 63 AH Yazid got to know that people of Madina have rejected him and are preparing to wage war upon him, knowing this Yazid sent a huge army to Madina and “declared war upon people of Madina“ after looting in Madina he sent the army to martyr Hadrat Abdullah bin Zubayr (ra) in Makkah and so the incident of “HURRA” took place, do you know what Hurra is? regarding it Hassan (a Tabi’i) said: When Madina was attacked, there remained not a single person who was safe from it, “huge amount of Sahaba and others were martyred and Madina was looted and thousands of virgin girls were raped“ Inna Lillahi Wa Inna Ilaihi Rajiun… The Prophet (Peace be upon him) said: Whosoever frightens People of Madina then Allah will frighten them (the attackers) plus Curse (Lanah) of Allah, his Angels and all the people is upon such a person (Sahih Muslim) the reason why people of Madina did not give bayah to Yazid was because he was indulged in “too many sins” Imam Waqidi (rah) narrates from Abdullah Bin Khazlatal Ghusail (a Sahabi) that he said: By Allah we did not revolt against Yazid until we were sure that “WE WILL BE SHOWERED WITH STONES FROM SKY” (the Yazidans) started to do Nikah with their mothers, sisters and daughters, they started to drink openly and neglected prayers! Imam Dhahabi (rah) said: When Yazid did such things with people of Madina although “ he was indulged in drinking and other evil deeds even before” then the people of Makkah also revolted against him and rose against him from 4 sides and then Allah did not put Barakah in life of Yazid (Then it mentions that Yazid attacked Makkah and got the Abdullah Ibn Zubayr Martyred)
Reference: As-Suyuti, Tarikh ul Khulafa, Page No. 167
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6. Allama Aloosi (Rahimuhullah) writes under 47:22-23 in his magnificent Ruh ul Ma’ani
واستدل بها أيضاً على جواز لعن يزيد عليه من الله تعالى ما يستحق. نقل البرزنجي في «الإشاعة» والهيتمي في «الصواعق» أن الإمام أحمد لما سأله ولده عبد الله عن لعن يزيد قال كيف لا يلعن من لعنه الله تعالى في كتابه؟ فقال عبد الله قد قرأت كتاب الله عز وجل فلم أجد فيه لعن يزيد فقال الإمام إن الله تعالى يقول:
{ فَهَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِن تَوَلَّيْتُمْ أَن تُفْسِدُواْ فِي ٱلأَرْضِ وَتُقَطّعُواْ أَرْحَامَكُمْ * أَوْلَـئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَعَنَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ }
[محمد: 22] الآية وأي فساد وقطيعة أشد مما فعله يزيد؟
Translation:The Proof of sending Lanah upon Yazid is derived from this (ayah), as was mentioned by Al-Barzanji (rah) in his Al-Ashaat and Imam al-Haythami (rah) in As-Sawaiq from Imam Ahmed (rah) that his son Abdullah asked him about sending Lanah on Yazid, (Imam Ahmed) said: Why cannot Lanah be sent on him when Allah has sent Lanah on him in Quran, Abdullah (rah) asked: Recite the Kitab of Allah so that I know how Lanah is sent on Yazid? Imam Ahmed (rah) mentioned these verses: Would ye then, if ye were given the command, work corruption in the land and sever your ties of kinship? Such are the men whom Allah has cursed…(47:22-23) Hence what could be a bigger Strife than what Yazid did?[ [Ruh ul Ma’ani by Imam Al-Alusi, Volume 9 Under Surah Muhammad 22-23]
2) Allama Alusi said: And I say what is prevalent over my mind that (Yazid) Khabith did not testify to the messengership of the Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him). According to me it is correct to curse a person like Yazid, although one cannot imagine a Fasiq like him and apparently he never repented, the possibility of his repentance is weaker than the possibility of his faith (Iman). Along with Yazid, Ibn Ziyad, Ibn Sa’ad and his group shall also be included. Verily, may Allah’s curse be upon all of them, their friends, their supporters, their group and upon everyone who inclines towards them until Qayamah and until an eye sheds a tear for Abu Abdullah Hussain (ra). [Tafsir Ruh al-Ma’ani, Volume 26, Page No. 73]
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7. Imam Dhahabi (rah) writes about Yazid
وكان ناصبيا فظا غليظا جلفا يتناول المسكر ويفعل المنكر افتتح دولته بمقتل الشهيد الحسين واختتمها بواقعة الحرة فمقته الناس ولم يبارك في عمره وخرج عليه غير واحد بعد الحسين كأهل المدينة قاموا لله
Translation: He (Yazid) was a disgusting Nasibi (i.e. those who hate Ahlul bayt). He drank and did evil. He started his kingdom with the killing of the Shahid al-Hussain (RA) and ended it with the incident of al-Harra (i.e. besiegement of Madina which also makes him directly liable for Lanah as sahih ahadith prove). Hence the people hated him, he was not blessed in his life, and many took up arms against him after Imam Hussain (RA) such as the people of Madina – they rose for the sake of Allah[Siyar A’lam an Nubala, Volume No. 4, Page No. 37-38]
2) Imam Dhahabi (rah) writes: I say: ‘When Yazid did to the people of Madina what he did and killed al-Hussain and his brothers and progeny, and Yazid drank alcohol, and performed abominable things, then the people hated him and rose up against him more than once. God didn’t bless his life and Abu Bilal Mirdas bin Adya al-Hanzali rose against him.’ [Tarikh al-Islam: wa-tabaqat al-mashahir wa-al-a`lam, Volume 005, Page No. 30]
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3) Imam Dhahabi Writes: Ziyad Haarthi narrated: ‘Yazid gave me alcohol to drink, I had never drunk alcohol like that before and I enquired where he had obtained its ingredients from’. Yazid replied: ‘it is made of sweet pomegranate, Isfahan’s honey, Hawaz’s sugar, Taif’s grapes and Burdah’s water’. Ahmed bin Masama’ narrated: ‘Once Yazid drank alcohol and started to dance, suddenly he fell down and his nostril began to bleed’. [Siyar A’lam an Nubalah, Volume 004, Page No. 037]
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8. Qadhi ThanaUllah Panipati (rah) on Yazid
Another great Mufasir and author of great books, a scholar accepted by all Sunni Muslims i.e. Qadhi Thana Ullah Panipatti (rah) quoted Quranic ayah 14:28 and writes:
Quran states: Hast thou not seen those who gave the grace of Allah in exchange for thanklessness and led their people down to the Abode of Loss (14:28)
Tafsir: Bani Ummaiya had always rejoiced upon Kufr, however Abu Sufyan, Ameer Mu’awiya (RA) and Umaro bin Aas(RA) and others became Muslims. Later Yazid and his companions rejected the blessings of Allah and rose the flag of enmity towards Ahlul Bayt and finally brutally martyred Imam Hussain (RA) to the extent that Yazid even denied the Deen of Muhammad (salallaho alaihi wasalam). He after martyrdom of Imam Hussain(RA) said: Had my predecessors lived they would have seen how I took revenge from the family of Prophet (saw) and Bani Hashim, The couplet which Yazid made had this in the end: I will avenge Ahmed (i.e. Prophet Salallaho alaihi wasalam) for whatever he did with my predecessors in Badr (Naudhobillah). Yazid even declared alcohol as permissible and in praise of it he said: If liquor is Haram in the Deen of Muhammad (salallaho alaihi wasalam) then take it to be permissible according to the deen of Isa Ibn Marym (a.s). [Tafsir al Mazhari Volume 5, Pages 211-212]
9. Ibn Kathir’s comments on Yazeed
Ibn Kathir himself writes in al Bidayah Volume 8 page 1169 “Dhikr Yazeed bin Muawiyah”:
“Traditions inform us that Yazeed loved worldly vices, would drink, listen to music, kept the company of boys with no facial hair [civil expression for paedophilia with boys, a form of homosexuality], played drums, kept dogs [civil expression for bestiality], making frogs, bears and monkeys fight. Every morning he used be intoxicated and use to bind monkey with the saddle of a horse and make the horse run”.
Reference:Al Bidayah Wal Nihayah, Vol 8 Page 1169
10. Ibn Atheer’s comments on Yazeed
In Tareekh al Kamil Volume 3 page 450 Ibn Atheer narrates from Munzir bin Zabeer:
“Verily Yazeed rewarded me with 100,000 dirhams but this cannot stop me from highlighting his state, By Allah he is a drunkard“
11. Ibn Jauzi’s comments on Yazeed ‘the drunkard’
Ibn Jauzi in Wafa al-Wafa:
“Yazeed appointed his cousin Uthman bin Muhammad bin Abu Sufyan as Governor of Madina. He sent a delegation to visit Yazeed who bore gifts so that they might take the oath of allegiance to him. Upon their return they said ‘We have returned having visited a man who has no religion, he drinks, plays instruments, keeps the company of singers and dogs [civil word for bestiality], we declare that we have broken our allegiance to him. Abdullah bin Abi Umro bin Hafs Mukhzumee commented ‘Yazeed gave me gifts. But the reality is this man is an enemy of Allah (swt) and a drunkard. I shall separate myself from him in the same way that I remove my turban [from my head].”
12. Puncturing the devil’s dream on Hadith of Qustuntunia
..”He heard the Prophet saying, ‘Paradise is granted to the first batch of my followers who will undertake a naval expedition.’ The Prophet then said, ‘The first army amongst my followers who will invade Caesar’s City will be forgiven their sins.'” (Sahih Bukhari volume 4 hadith 175)
Firstly Yazid was not in the first army to wage war on ceaser’s city as
Sahih hadith in Sunnan Abu Dawud states
عن أسلم أبي عمران قال : غزونا من المدينة نريد القسطنطينية وعلى الجماعة عبد الرحمن بن خالد بن الوليد
Translation: Aslam Abi Imran (ra) said: We went out on an expedition from Madina with the intent to attack Constantinople. Abd al-Rahman bin Khalid bin Walid was the leader of our group. [Sunnan Abu Dawud, Volume No. 2 Hadith # 2512, Albani declared it Sahih in his Takhrij]
Imam At-Tabri says in his Tarikh
فمما كان فيها من ذلك دخول المسلمين مع عبد الرحمن بن خالد بن الوليد بلاد الروم ومشتاهم بها وغزو
Translation: In (44 AH) The Muslims with Abdur Rahman bin Khalid bin Walid entered Rome and the Ghazwa took place [Tarikh at-Tabri under events of 44 AH, Volume 005, Page No. 212: Published by Cairo: Dar al-Ma’arif]
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Whereas Yazid went way later i.e. in 49 or 50 AH. Even later yazid was sent as a punishement and he mocked at Muslims warriors who had gone before
Imam Ibn Al-Atheer (rah) writes:
في هذه السنة وقيل : سنة خمسين سير معاوية جيشًا كثيفًا إلى بلاد الروم للغزاة ، وجعل عليهم سفيان بن عوف ، وأَمَرَ ابنه يزيد بالغزاة معهم فتثاقل واعتلّ فأمسك عنه أبوه ، فأصاب الناس في غزاتهم جوعٌ ومرض شديد ، فأنشأ يزيد يقول :
ما إن أبالي بما لاقت جموعهم *** بالفرقدونة من حمى ومن موم
إذا اتكأت على الأنماط مرتفقًا *** بدير مروان عندي أم كلثومِ
فبلغ معاوية شعره، فأقسم عليه ليلحقنّ بسفيان في أرض الروم، ليصيبه ما أصاب الناس، فسار ومعه جمع كثير أضافهم إليه أبوه
Translation: In this year i.e. 49 AH or 50 AH, Muawiya (ra) sent a huge army towards Rome. He made Sufyan bin Awf (ra) as its commander and he ordered his son Yazid to go with them, however Yazid “ACTED TO HAVE BECOME SICK AND DENIED TO GO” When the warriors were struck with harsh hunger and diseases, Yazid (mockingly) said this poetry:
At Farqudwana immense wrath covered them, whether they had fever or whatever I don’t care because I am sitting on a high carpet and Umm ul Kulthum (one of his wives) is between my armpits.
When Ameer Muawiya (ra) heard these phrases he made Yazid to take an oath and join Sufyan bin Awf in Rome so that “HE COULD ALSO BE STRUCK BY THESE SAME DIFFICULTIES AS THE WARRIORS OF ISLAM HAD FACED (THIS WAS PUNISHEMENT TO YAZID)” Yazid became helpless and he had to go and Ameer Muawiya (ra) sent another army with him [Tarikh Ibn al Atheer, Volume No.3, Page No. 131]
Imam Badr ud-din Ayni (rah) said:
قلت: الأظهر أن هؤلاء السادات من الصحابة كانوا مع سفيان هذا ولم يكونوا مع يزيد بن معاوية، لأنه لم يكن أهلاً أن يكون هؤلاء السادات في خدمته
Translation: I say that it is obvious that the great amount of sahaba went under the leadership of Sufyan bin Awf (ra) and “NOT WITH YAZID BIN MUAWIYA BECAUSE HE WAS NOT DESERVING OF LEADING THEM” [Umdat ul Qari, Sharh Sahih ul Bukhari 14/197-198]
Summary details about the armed expeditions:
► First attack on Caesar’s city was in 42 hijri. Second attack was in 43 and “Hazrat Bosr ben ABI Arka was the leader of this army.
► Third attack was in 44 and this was led by Abdurehman ben Khalid ben Waleed. The next attack was in 46 hijri which was led by Maalik ben Abdurehman and Abdurehman ben Khalid ben Waleed.
► In 47, next attack was led by Maalik ben Hobaira and Abdurehman ben Qaiymi. In 49 hijri the rome was attacked for 3 times. andLastly yazid was in attack of 50 hijri.
Hazrat Amir Mawiya (RA) arrested Yazeed and sent him to ceasar because Yazeed was used to make fun of Mujahideen and as a punishment Yazeed was sent there not for Jihad
So Yazeed was in the seven’th attack, not in the first attack and in Bukhari Shareef it is mentioned that ‘The first army amongst’ my followers who will invade Caesar’s City will be forgiven their sins.’
References :
Al Bidayah Wal Nihayah Imam Ibne Kathir
History Ibne Khaldon
History Imam Ibne Atheer
13. Yazeed’s rejection of the Qur’an
Refer these sources
1. Al Bidayah wa al Nihayah Volume 8 page 204 Dhikr Ras al Husayn
2. Minhajj al Sunnah Volume 2 page 249 Dkikr Yazeed
3. Sharh Fiqh Akbar page 73 Dhikr Yazeed
4. Sharh Tafseer Mazhari Volume 5 page 21 Surah Ibrahim
5. Shazrah al Dhahab page 69 Dhikr Shahadth Husayn
6. Maqatahil Husayn Volume 2 page 58 Dhikr Shahdath Husayn
7. Tadhkira Khawwas page 148
8. Tareekh Tabari Volume 11 pages 21-23 Dhikr 284 Hijri
9. Tafseer Ruh al Ma’ani (commentary of Surah Muhammad)
14. In Tafseer Ruh al Maani Declairing Yazeed a kafir
“Allamah Alusi stated, Yazeed the impure denied the Prophethood of Rasulullah (s). The treatment that he meted out to the people of Makka, Medina and the family of the Prophet proves that he was a kaafir”.
Once in the gathering of Amir Ul Mominein Hazrat Ummar Bin Abdul Aziz [R.A] people talked about yazeed, someone among the people said ( Amir Ul Mominein to Yazeed ) Hazrat Ummar Bin Abdul Aziz [R.A] replied in anger,” you call Yazeed ( Bad Character Person ) as Amir Ul Mominein?. Than Hazrat Ummar Bin Abdul Aziz [R.A] gave order of 20 lashes to the person who called Yazeed Amir Ul Mominein [ Tahdheeb Al’Tahdheeb Vol 1 Page 361]
15. The Proof of Sending Curses(Lanat) on Yazid!
Translation:The Proof of sending Lanah upon Yazid is derived from this (ayah), as was mentioned by Al-Barzanji (rah) in his Al-Ashaat and Imam Haythami (rah) in As-Sawaiq from Imam Ahmed (rah) that his son Abdullah asked him about sending Lanah on Yazid, and how sending Lanah upon him is mentioned in the book of Allah (i.e. Quran). Imam Ahmed (rah) in proof of (sending Lanah upon Yazid) mentioned these verses:Would ye then, if ye were given the command, work corruption in the land and sever your ties of kinship? Such are the men whom Allah has cursed…(47:22-23), So could there be a greater fitnah than the actions committed by Yazid? [Ruh ul Ma’ani by Imam Al-Alusi, Volume 9 Under Surah Muhammad 22-23]
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